Hard one. Rain bouncing down at a certain angle could bounce back up flashings. I replaced some pushfit right above a damp patch in a bathroom about a year ago.
Bloke wrang me the other day to say the patch had come back.
Cut it out again, checked fittings and seemed fine. Closer inspection was water was getting under a flashing by a dormer window, running down the rafter and dripping right where the pipe fittings were.
Fine for a year but some driving rain found it's way in.