So it doesn’t seem as if the boot partition can be recreated and the existing data kept so that’s out.
If as it sounds you only have one drive currently installed depending on the responses to the questions above personally I’d power the unit down safely, remove the current drive and install the ‘other’ drive and see if that resolves it
If not I’d read through this and see how comfortable I felt about mounting the drive externally
http://jim-st.blogspot.com/2012/07/m...6-systems.html
Note: it’s your data not mine and I haven’t had to mount drives in this manor so can’t attest the above is still or even was valid